VETERINARY NEUROBIOLOGY 2011 (VM 8104 / BMVS 5474) - 2
Credits
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Lecture: Wed. & Fri., 10:00-10:50 - Lecture Hall
125, Level 1, Phase 2
Labs: Wed. 1:00-2:50 or 3:00-4:50 - MDL-2, Level 1,
Phase 2 (note that labs are not held every Wednesday, so check your
class schedules)
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This is a course that concentrates on the
anatomy, physiology
and biochemistry of the normal nervous system. Although we will discuss
some
clinical implications of the material, this is not a course in
neurology.
You will take such a course later on. It is important to have a firm
understanding
of the normal nervous system in order to handle the diagnosis and
treatment
of nervous disorders.
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Strongly recommended readings from:
Textbook of Veterinary Physiology, 4 th edition, by Cunningham & Klein. Saunders/Elsevier, 2007.
No text is required for the
course. However, I have provided (see
below) short strongly recommended reading assignments, from the
above text, for most of the topics covered in the course. The majority of the readings are only about
five pages long. The readings are simply
for your benefit but are not required.
However, I think you will find them very helpful since I have
co-authored the chapters and I have tried to tailor them toward much of what is
covered in lecture. This is a resource
that might be useful if you miss something I said in class (could happen). However, there is not an exact correspondence
between the lecture and the readings, so you may wind up learning some useful
supplemental information from the readings that might help put the lecture
material in perspective. Several copies
of the book are on reserve in the Veterinary Medicine library. Please feel free to let me know how you feel
about the utility of the readings throughout the semester.
Here is a list of those lecture topics that have a recommended reading assignment:
General Nervous System Organization and Nomenclature – Chapter 3 Introduction to the Nervous System
Neurophysiology – Chapter 4 The Neuron
Neurochemistry – Chapter 5 The Synapse
Somatosensory System – Chapter 7 The Concept of a Reflex
Visual System – Chapter 14 The Visual System (duh!)
Auditory System – Chapter 17 Hearing
Motor System (OK, this is a long one) - Chapter 9 The Concept of
Upper and Lower Motor Neurons and Their Malfunction; Chapter 10 The
Central Control of Movement
Vestibular System – Chapter 11 The Vestibular System (another duh)
The Meninges, Ventricles and Cerebrospinal Fluid – Chapter 15 Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Blood-Brain Barrier
Autonomic Nervous system – Chapter 13 The Autonomic Nervous System and Adrenal Medulla
Other reference texts :
Whether
or not you do the ‘Strongly Recommended Readings’
discussed above, you may thirst for more, or desire further explanation. These reference texts should provide ample
clarification of any topics that you might have extra difficulty with. Text #1 covers almost all topics in this
course at just about the right level of sophistication. It has some really cool little tidbits as
well, such as interesting neuroscience anecdotes relating to everyday life,
nice illustrations and some descriptions by current day neurobiologists
regarding the unusual circumstances that led to some important discoveries. Text #2 is more clinically-oriented than Text
#1 and focuses on human. Although the
level of anatomical coverage is often more than is necessary for this course,
the book deals nicely with many topics we discuss and it has good diagrams of
neural pathways. Text #3, like Text #1,
seems about the right level of complexity, but is not quite as eye-catching as
Text #1. It is the most recently
published of all these texts. Text #4,
like Text #1, is very nicely illustrated, but it is just a bit more complex than Texts #1 and #3. Text #5 is another popular veterinary
physiology textbook that presents a few topics from the course at a somewhat
more complex level compared to Cunningham and Klein. However, Text
#5 contains two chapters (43 & 44) written by yours truly that deals with
material from lectures 2 through 4. Text
#6 is quite comprehensive and may be a bit more detailed than the other
texts. A few copies of Texts #1 through
#4, and #6, should be on reserve for this course in the Veterinary Medicine
Library. The others, if not on reserve
for this course, should be on permanent reserve.
1. Neuroscience: Exploring the
Brain by Bear, Connors & Paradiso.
Williams & Wilkins, 2006 (third edition).
2. Fundamental Neuroscience for
Basic and Clinical Applications by Haines.
Churchill Livingstone, 2006 (third edition).
3. The Central Nervous System:
Structure and Function by Brodal. Oxford
University Press, 2010 (fourth edition).
4. Neuroscience by Purves, Augustine, Fitzpatrick,
Hall, LaMantia, McNamara and White.
Sinauer Associates, Inc., 2007 (fourth edition).
5. Dukes' Physiology of Domestic
Animals by Reece. Cornell University
Press, 2004 (twelfth edition); Chapters 43 and 44 by B.G. Klein.
6. Fundamental Neuroscience (yes,
similar title to #3) by Squire, Bloom, Spitzer, du Lac, Ghosh & Berg. Academic Press, 2008 (third edition).
Required handouts:
There
will be a few short handouts that I will give you during the semester that you
will be required to read. Some of these
are already included in your course notes.
Some material from the handouts will be covered on exams.
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Examinations:
Lecture (72% of course grade)
Take-home quizzes (6% of course
grade, total) -
Each week, after Friday’s lecture, I will post (late afternoon) a take-home
quiz on Scholar (more about Scholar later).
The quiz will be comprised of 4 to 6 short answer questions that will be
drawn from the material covered on that Friday and the prior Wednesday. It may also cover material from any
special-interest handouts that were associated with those lectures. You will take and submit the quiz on-line (see
brief instructions in this handout) and you will have until the beginning of
class on the following Friday to submit it.
The rationale behind this is as follows: 1) It will help you keep up
with the material so that when exam time rolls around you are not totally
swamped. 2) In keeping up with the
material you will find subsequent lectures easier to understand. 3) It will render a cumulative final
unnecessary. Instead, the learning
process will be more effectively distributed over the course of the semester. The
quiz is open-book but it must, according to the Honor Code, be done on your own.
Exam 1 (closed-book in-library
exam, 33% of course grade)
– to be taken in Veterinary Medicine Library 4/8/2011 through closing on 4/18/2011. The exam will cover lecture material from General
Nervous System Organization & Nomenclature up through and including Visual
System 1.
Exam 2 (in-class exam, 33% of
course grade) – 5/6/2011,
covering lecture material from Visual System 2 up through and including the
last day of class. This exam will not be
cumulative (yeah!).
Lecture exams will be short
answer (primarily multiple choice and fill-in).
Your class notes contain a set of study questions for each topic, drawn
from the lecture material. You will
probably find them helpful in studying for the exams.
Laboratory (28% of course grade)
Lab Exam 1 (11% of course grade) – 4/6/2011, covering Overview of
Brain 1 Lab up to and including Cranial Nerves & Somatosensory System Lab.
Lab Exam 2 (17% of course grade) – 5/6/2011, covering Special
Senses Lab up to and including lab on last day of class.
Laboratory exams will primarily involve identification
of nervous system elements presented in brain specimens or cross-sectional
photographs of the brain. Some questions
may incorporate basic principles covered in lecture.
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To take a quiz, log onto Scholar at http://scholar.vt.edu/portal. Click on the <Vet Neurobio Sp 2011>
course tab at the top, then on <Tests & Quizzes> on the left side of
the page. Under the “Take an Assessment“
heading, click on <Sample Quiz>, then on <Begin Assessment>. You can save your work and go back to it at a
later time by clicking on <Save for Later> or, if you’re sure you’re done, click on
<Submit for Grading>. Click
<Submit for Grading> in the next window again if you’re sure you’re done. You will then see a screen confirming your
submission (you might want to print this if you can so you have hard-copy proof
that you took the quiz). Click
<Continue> and you will then see the name of your quiz listed under “Submitted Assessments”. When the quiz has been
graded, you will see a date and time under “Feedback date”. If you then click on the quiz name you will
see your feedback.
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